新文科与人工智能语境下的跨学科研究

Interdisciplinary Research in the Context of the New Humanities and Artificial Intelligence

跨学科研究一直以来都是比较文学学科领域的研究弱项。从方法论看,跨学科研究的基本范式,至今还停留在为文本的意义阐释寻找论述新工具的层面。而从本体论考察,既有的跨学科研究,不过是在为作为对象的文学文本研究引入新的观察角度和论述方式而已。近年来,人工智能应用在基于AI的特色人文研究和人工智能文学创作这两大领域的突破性进展,在无意中撬动了文化和文学生产关系中生产主体、生产方式和文本呈现模式的颠覆性变化,从而导致既有的文化和文学研究的理论关系格局开始发生裂变,譬如出现超越人工书写的文本智能生成程序和非时间性的成果呈现模式,尤其是写作主体从传统的“人”,演变成了“人机合谋”的AI作者,从而使得写作变成为一种混合主体的创作行为。伴随着这一系列文本生产机制的变迁,会不会催生出某种具有本体论特征的、新型的跨学科研究的出现呢?回答是,很有可能。

Interdisciplinary research has long been weak in the field of comparative literature.From a methodological point of view,its basic paradigm is still at the level of finding new tools for interpreting the meaning of the text.From the perspective of ontological investigation,the existing interdisciplinary research is only to introduce new perspectives and discourse methods for studying literary texts as objects.In recent years,due to the breakthroughs in applying artificial intelligence in AI-based humanistic research and artificial intelligence literary creation,a subversive change in the agents and modes of cultural and literary production has inadvertently taken place.This change result in the change of the theoretical relationship of the existing cultural and literary research,some intelligent programs for texts production that have replaced human writing,non-temporal presentation modes,and the writing agents changed from“human”to AI author.Will this series of changes in the mechanism of text production give rise to a new type of interdisciplinary research in an ontological sense?The answer to this question is quite possible.