桥式起重机大梁与端梁开裂分析及处理

Analysis and Treatment of Girder and End Beam Cracking of Bridge Cranee

桥式起重机是大质量物品的重要运输工具,在实际工业生产中的有着广泛的应用,在多种因素的影响下桥式起重机大梁与端梁时常有开裂的情况发生。桥式起重机大梁和端梁的主要结构形式是焊接结构,开裂最容易出现在焊接部位。在本次研究中以某冶炼厂现役桥式起重机为调查对象,采用测量法和现场调查法结合有限元方法对桥式起重机频繁出现的裂缝进行研究,对桥式起重机的大梁和端梁结构进行了应力测试,并结合实际开裂情况,从材料、制作工艺、焊缝布置、大梁和端梁疲劳受力状况等原因进行了分析,找出了导致焊缝开裂的原因,同时探讨了焊缝的修补方法和对大梁与端梁的加固措施,并经实践论证,此处理方法有效地延长了桥式起重机的寿命,有效减少了安全隐患。

Bridge crane is an important transportation tool for large-quality goods.It is widely used in actual industrial production.Under the influence of various factors,bridge crane girder and end beam often crack.The main structural form of the girder and end beam of the bridge crane is a welded structure,and cracks are most likely to occur at the welded part.In this paper,taking the existing bridge crane in a smelting plant as the research object,the survey method and on-site investigation method combined with the finite element method are used to study the frequent cracks of bridge crane.The stress test is carried out to the structures of the girder and end beam of bridge crane.Combined with the actual cracking situation,the reasons for the material,production process,weld layout and fatigue stress of the beam and end beam are analyzed,and the cause for welding seam cracking is found.At the same time,the repair method of the welding seam and the reinforcement measures for the girder and end beam have been proved by practice,and this treatment method can effectively prolong the life of the bridge crane and effectively reduce the potential safety hazards.