近视儿童与青少年血清锌、铜、硒浓度的变化研究

Changes of serum zinc,copper,and selenium concentrations in children and adolescents with myopia

目的探讨近视儿童和青少年血清锌、铜、硒浓度和铜/锌比的变化及临床意义。方法选取2018年1月至2020年12月间,内蒙古医科大学附属医院眼科门诊诊治的166例近视儿童与青少年[近视组,其中110例男孩,56例女孩,年龄(13.78±4.21)岁]以及150例同期视力正常的儿童与青少年[对照组,其中87例男孩,63例女孩,年龄(12.37±4.82)岁]为研究对象,采用原子吸收光谱测定法测定其血清锌、铜、硒水平并据此计算反映机体氧化应激水平的铜/锌比值。计量资料组间比较采用Student’s t检验;计数资料采用卡方检验;相关性分析采用Pearson相关系数法分析。结果近视儿童与青少年的血清锌、硒水平较对照组降低[(0.83±0.27)mg/L比(1.06±0.32)mg/L,(41.05±9.07)μg/L比(47.19±8.36)μg/L],铜/锌比值较对照组增高[(1.18±0.32)比(0.98±0.26)],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而两组间血清铜水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。近视儿童及青少年血清微量元素间不具有相关性(均P>0.05)。结论近视儿童与青少年血清抗氧化微量元素锌、硒水平降低,铜/锌比值增高,这提示儿童与青少年的近视进程可能与机体的氧化应激状态相关。

Objective To investigate the changes of serum zinc,copper,and selenium concentrations and copper/zinc ratio in children and adolescents with myopia and the clinical significance.Methods From January 2018 to December 2020,166 children and adolescents with myopia[110 boys and 56 girls,aged(13.78±4.21)years]from Department of Ophthalmology,The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University and 150 children and adolescents with normal vision[87 boys and 63 girls,aged(12.37±4.82)years]were chosen as subjects.The serum zinc,copper,and selenium concentrations were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry,and the copper/zinc ratio which reflected the oxidative stress level of the body was calculated accordingly.Student's t test was used to compare the measurement data between groups,Chi-square test was used for the count data,and correlation analysis was performed by Pearson correlation coefficient method.Results The levels of serum zinc and selenium in the children and adolescents with myopia were lower than those in the control group[(0.83±0.27)mg/L vs.(1.06±0.32)mg/L,(41.05±9.07)μg/L vs.(47.19±8.36)μg/L],and the copper/zinc ratio was higher than that in the control group[(1.18±0.32)vs.(0.98±0.26)],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the serum copper level between the two groups(P>0.05).There were no correlations among serum trace elements in the children and adolescents with myopia(all P>0.05).Conclusions The serum levels of anti-oxidant trace elements zinc and selenium in children and adolescents with myopia have reduced,and the copper/zinc ratio has increased,which suggests that the process of myopia in children and adolescents may be related to the state of oxidative stress.