“插队”一词的语义演变

Semantic Evolution of the Word “Chadui”

“插队”是一个多义词。综合各大字典辞书对“插队”的语义阐释,只有“插队_(1)”“插队_(2)”,从动词“插”的语义演变考究这两类词语义来源的先后,可知“插队_(1)”先于“插队_(2)”出现。此外,未收录于辞书的特殊语义“插队_(3)”“插队_(4)”均是由“插队_(1)”抽象引申而来的。“插队_(1)”“插队_(2)”的词频高于“插队_(3)”“插队_(4)”。“插队_(2)”在改革开放前后使用频率很高,且就总体使用频率而言,“插队_(2)”总体也高于“插队_(1)”,它们使用频率的差异与时代性有关。词源的先后与使用频率的高低不成正比。

“Chadui” is a polysemy.According to the semantic interpretation of “chadui” in dictionaries,there are only “chadui_(1)” and “chadui_(2)”.From the semantic evolution of the verb “cha”,it is found that “chadui_(1)” appears before “chadui_(2)”.In addition,the special semantics of “chadui_(3)” and “chadui_(4)”,which are not included in the dictionary,are abstractly extended from “chadui_(1)”.The word frequency of “chadui_(1)” and “chadui_(2)” is higher than that of “chadui_(3)” and “chadui_(4)”.The use frequency of “chadui_(2)” is very high before and after the reform and opening up,“chadui_(2)” is also higher than “chadui_(1)” in terms of the overall use frequency,and the difference in their use frequency is related to the times.The order of etymology is not proportional to the frequency of use.