数字X线检查北仑区成人体表照射剂量参考值研究

Reference value of surface radiation dose of digital radiography among adults in Beilun District

目的建立宁波市北仑区数字X线摄影(DR)成年受检者体表照射剂量参考值,为优化DR设备参数,合理控制照射剂量提供依据。方法通过覆盖北仑区11家公立医院14台DR设备的云影像系统,收集2020年5月—2021年4月成年DR受检者就诊信息和检查设备信息。以空气比释动能-面积乘积(P_(KA))为评价量,按照检查部位、投射方向和摄影体位,采用四分位数确定地方诊断参考水平(LDRL)、地方剂量中值(RMD)、地方最低剂量提示水平(LDPL)和机房剂量典型值,将P_(KA)值转换为入射体表空气比释动能(K_(a,e)),并与GBZ 130—2020《放射诊断放射防护要求》的标准推荐值比较。结果2020年5月—2021年4月北仑区成人DR检查累计133065人次。腹部(前后位)卧位RMD值最高,为120μGy·m^(2);胸部(后前位)立位RMD值最低,为17μGy·m^(2)。胸部(后前位)卧位、腹部(前后位)卧位和骨盆(前后位)卧位的机房剂量典型值最大值高于相应LDRL(33 vs.30μGy·m^(2);161 vs.153μGy·m2;164 vs.162μGy·m^(2));胸部(后前位)立位和胸部(侧位)立位机房剂量典型值最小值低于相应LDPL(10 vs.11μGy·m^(2);33 vs.34μGy·m^(2))。换算为K_(a,e)值后,LDRL范围为0.27~3.80 mGy,机房剂量典型值最大值范围为0.25~3.55 mGy,均远低于国家标准推荐值。结论本研究建立了北仑区DR成人体表照射剂量参考值,且低于标准推荐值,医疗机构在优化DR设备参数时可作为参考。

Objective To investigate the reference level of surface radiation dose of digital radiography(DR)among adult examinees in Beilun District,Ningbo City,so as to provide insights into the optimization of the parameter of DR systems and rational management of the radiation dose.Methods Based on the cloud imaging system covering 14 DR systems in 11 public hospitals in Beilun District,the diagnosis of adults receiving DR and DR systems check were collected from May 2020 to April 2021.The air kerma-area product(P_(KA))was selected as a measure,and the local diagnostic reference level(LDRL),the regional median dose(RMD),the regional lowest dose predicted level(LDPL)and the typical dose in the DR imaging room were defined using the quartile method according to the examination site,projection direction and radiography positions.The P_(KA) value was transformed into incident air kerma(K_(a,e)),and compared with the recommended value in the Requirements for Radiological Protection in Diagnostic Radiology(GBZ 130-2020).Results DR was performed among 133065 person-times from May 2020 through April 2021 in Beilun District.The greatest RMD was found on abdomen AP DR in the supine position(120μGy·m^(2)),and the lowest RMD was seen on chest PA DR in the standing position(17μGy·m^(2)).The maximums of typical dose in the DR imaging room on chest PA(33 vs.30μGy·m^(2)),abdomen AP(161 vs.153μGy·m^(2))and pelvis AP DR(164 vs.162μGy·m^(2))were greater than LDRL in the supine position,and the minimums of typical dose on chest PA(10 vs.11μGy·m^(2))and chest LAT DR(33 vs.34μGy·m^(2))were lower than LDPL in the standing position.Following transformation into K_(a,e),the LDRL ranged from 0.27 to 3.80 mGy,and the maximums of typical dose ranged from 0.25 to 3.55 mGy,which was much lower than the recommended dose proposed in the national criteria.Conclusions The reference level of surface radiation dose of DR is established among adults in Beilun District,which is lower than the recommended dose in the national criteria of China.Such a reference level may be employed by medical institutions for optimization of the parameters of DR systems.