从观看到行动——奥古斯都·波瓦的戏剧介入探析

From Watching to Action--An Analysis on Augusto Boal's Theatre Intervention

奥古斯都·波瓦建构了一种以观演者为中心的剧场空间,他在布莱希特的基础上更彻底地瓦解了“第四堵墙”。基于平等的介入理念,波瓦重构了剧场空间中演员与观众的位置权力关系,旨在激发参与者的主动性,使其不再是被动观看的观众,并且通过自身的行动来唤醒自己的主体性。其目的在于通过平等的观演关系来消除戏剧介入中启蒙者与被启蒙者之间的二元对立,把剧场内部的平等推向社会。波瓦的戏剧介入关注到了具身性经验中所存留的身体主体性,对先前强调理性意识觉醒的戏剧介入进行了重要的增补。

Augusto Boal constructed a theater space with the audience as the center.On the basis of Brecht,he broke down the fourth wall more thoroughly.With the idea of equal intervention,Boal reconstructed the position and power relationship between actors and audience in the theater space,aiming to stimulate participants initiative and to turn passive spectators into active audience.By building equal relationship between actors and audience,equal intervention aims to eliminate the binary opposition between the enlightener and the enlightened,and then extend equality from theater to society.Boal's dramatic intervention focuses on the remaining physical subjectivity in the embodied experience,making an important supplementary to the previous dramatic intervention that emphasized the awakening of rational consciousness.