明清时期戏曲舞台传播对剧本刊刻的促进与制约性关系考论

Textual Research of Promoting & Restrictive Relationship of Drama Stage Communication on Script Printing in Ming and Qing Dynasties

除了文学成就,明清时期的戏曲剧本能否被刊刻、被刊刻次数的多寡还与这些剧作在当时舞台上所受的欢迎程度成正相关关系。即越是在舞台上深受观众欢迎的作品,其剧本被刊刻的次数就越多;越是经不起舞台检验的作品,被刊刻的次数就越少,甚至根本得不到出版的机会。即使曾经被出版商青睐有加的作品,只要被当时的舞台抛弃,它们同样难获出版界的再次认可。这种规律不仅可以从多数被刊刻作品在舞台上所受到的欢迎程度中得到证明,还可以从这些剧本不同版本之间普遍存在的一本一稿等外在形态得到进一步的验证。

In addition to literary achievements, a drama script which could be published,and the frequency of publication,the numbers of the scripts would be printed also determined by the popularity of these dramas at that time.There was a positive proportional relationship between them. That is to say, the more popular on the stage, the more editions they would have;the more unpopular by the audience, the fewer versions they would have, or even had no chance to be published. Even if the works that had been favored by publishers, it would not be accepted again by the publishers when it was abandoned by the stage at that time. These rules not only can be proved by the popularity of these works on the stage, but also can be verified by the external forms such as different versions with different editions.