阳泉市雷暴天气特征及雷电防护措施研究

Study on Thunderstorm Weather Characteristics and Lightning Protection Measures in Yangquan City

利用阳泉市1970—2013年地面气象观测雷暴资料,使用一元线性回归法对阳泉市的雷暴天气特征进行分析。结果表明:1970—2013年阳泉市平均年雷暴日数为35.8 d,整体呈现出减少的趋势,变化倾向率为-2.008 d/10 a,减少趋势较为显著;阳泉市雷暴日数月际变化呈现出单峰抛物线型特征,具有明显的季节性变化特征,主要集中在夏季,其次是春季,秋季雷暴日数略小于春季,而冬季没有雷暴天气出现;1970—2013年阳泉市雷暴初日、终日均呈现出提前的趋势;雷暴出现时往往伴随着大风、冰雹、降水等灾害性天气现象。因此,只有掌握雷暴发生发展规律,才能做好雷电防护工作,将雷电灾害造成的经济损失和人员伤亡降到最低。

Based on the thunderstorm data of surface meteorological observation in Yangquan City from 1970 to 2013,this paper analyzes the thunderstorm weather characteristics of Yangquan City by using univariate linear regression method.The results show that the average number of thunderstorm days in Yangquan City from 1970 to 2013 is 35.8d,showing a decreasing trend as a whole,and the change tendency rate is-2.008d/10a,with a significant decreasing trend;The number of thunderstorm days in Yangquan City shows the characteristics of single peak parabola,and the number of thunderstorm days has obvious seasonal variation characteristics.The number of thunderstorm days in Yangquan City is mainly concentrated in summer,followed by spring,the number of thunderstorm days in autumn is slightly less than that in spring,but there is no thunderstorm weather in winter;From 1970 to 2013,the beginning and end of Thunderstorm in Yangquan City showed an early trend;Thunderstorms are often accompanied by disastrous weather phenomena such as strong wind,hail and precipitation.Only by mastering the occurrence and development law of thunderstorms can lightning protection be done well and the economic losses and casualties caused by lightning disasters be minimized.