细节护理干预在脑出血手术患者中的应用

Application of detailed nursing interventions in patients undergoing cerebral hemorrhage surgery

目的探讨细节护理干预对脑出血手术患者并发症发生率和术后恢复的影响。方法选取2019年9月—2020年8月于南阳市某医院接受手术治疗的84例脑出血患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组42例。对照组患者采用常规护理干预,观察组患者在对照组基础上联用细节护理干预。比较2组患者干预前后美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能测评法(FMA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、Barthel指数(BI)评分及并发症发生情况。结果2组患者干预后NIHSS评分低于干预前且观察组低于对照组,FMA评分高于干预前且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预后SAS及SDS评分低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预后BI评分高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.623,P=0.430)。结论细节护理干预应用于脑出血手术患者,有助于改善患者肢体功能、神经功能及负性情绪,提高其生活自理能力,安全可靠。

Objective To explore the effect of detailed nursing intervention on the complication rate and postoperative recovery of patients undergoing cerebral hemorrhage surgery.Methods Eighty-four patients with cerebral hemorrhage who received surgical treatment in a hospital in Nanyang from September 2019 to August 2020 were selected and divided into observation and control groups using a random number table,with 42 cases in each group.Patients in the control group received conventional nursing interventions,and patients in the observation group were given detailed nursing interventions on the basis of the control group.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Barthel Index(BI)scores and the occurrence of complications were compared between the 2 groups before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,the NIHSS scores were lower than those before the intervention and lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the FMA scores were higher than those before the intervention and higher in the observation group than in the control group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).The SAS and SDS scores in both groups were lower than those before the intervention and lower in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The BI scores in both groups were higher than those before the intervention and higher in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups(χ^(2)=0.623,P=0.430).Conclusion Detailed nursing intervention applied to patients unndergoing cerebral hemorrhage surgery can safely and reliably improve patients′limb functions,neurological functions and negative emotions,and improve their self-care abilities.