基于RLC集总加载的鞭状宽带天线设计

Design of Whip Wideband Antenna Based on RLC Lumped Loading

鞭状天线是中短波中应用最多的天线形式,其工作原理和有限导电平面上的单极天线相同,但单极天线的输入阻抗在3~30 MHz内变化剧烈,不能满足宽带发射要求。为了改善单极天线的带宽特性,可以采用多种方法展宽带宽,如加粗振子、采用多谐振形式以及沿振子线集总或分布加载等。设计一种基于无线链路控制层协议(Radio Link Control,RLC)集总加载方式的鞭状天线,仿真结果表明,在3~30 MHz,接收天线驻波比≤2,发射天线驻波比≤3,输入阻抗在整个频带内变化平缓,效率损失得到控制,为宽带鞭状天线的小型化和宽带化提供了一种新的结构方法。

Whip antenna is the most widely used antenna form in medium and short wave,and its working principle is the same as that of monopole antenna on finite conductive plane,but the input impedance of monopole antenna varies sharply within 3~30 MHz,which cannot meet the requirements of broadband transmission.In order to improve the bandwidth characteristics of the monopole antenna,various methods can be adopted to expand the bandwidth,such as thickening the oscillator,adopting multi-resonant form,lumping or distributing along the oscillator line,etc.A whip antenna based on Radio Link Control(RLC)lumped loading mode is designed.The simulation results show that the standing wave ratio of the receiving antenna is≤2,and the standing wave ratio of the transmitting antenna is≤3 in the range of 3~30 MHz.The input impedance changes smoothly in the whole frequency band,and the efficiency loss is controlled.It provides a new structure method for the miniaturization and wideband of wideband whip antenna.