硼基材料在锂硫电池中的研究进展

Recent Progress of Boron-based Materials in Lithium-sulfur Battery

锂硫电池因其高能量密度和低成本等优势成为新一代电化学储能技术的重要发展方向。然而,其较低的转换反应动力学和可逆性导致电池的实际容量、库仑效率和循环稳定性等仍难以满足实用化发展需求。对此,合理设计和开发具有导电、吸附、催化特性的功能材料是稳定和促进硫电化学反应的关键途径。得益于硼独特的原子和电子结构,硼基材料具有丰富且可调的物理、化学和电化学性质,近年来在锂硫电池的研究中受到了广泛关注。本文综述了近期硼基材料,包括硼烯、硼原子掺杂碳、金属硼化物和非金属硼化物在锂硫电池中的研究进展,总结了存在的问题并展望了未来的发展方向。

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries play a crucial role in the development of next-generation electrochemical energy storage technology due to its high energy density and low cost.However,their practical application is still hindered by the sluggish kinetics and low reversibility of the conversion reactions,which contribute to relatively low practical capacity,Coulombic inefficiency,and cycling instability.In this regard,the rational design of conductive,adsorptive and catalytic functional materials presents a critical pathway to stabilize and promote sulfur electrochemistry.Benefiting from the unique atomic and electronic structures of boron,boron-based materials exhibit multifarious and tunable physical,chemical and electrochemical properties,and have received extensive research attentions in Li-S batteries.This paper reviews the recent research progress of boron-based materials,including borophene,boron atom-doped carbon,metal borides and non-metal borides in Li-S batteries,concludes the remaining problems and proposes the future developing perspective.