经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术治疗梗阻性黄疸的护理效果分析

Nursing Effect Analysis of Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiographic Drainage in the Treatment of Obstructive Jaundice

目的 探讨经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographic drainage,PTCD)治疗梗阻性黄疸的护理方法及干预效果。方法 于2018年1月—2020年6月,按照随机数字表法,将医院接受PTCD治疗且确诊梗阻性黄疸的80例患者随机分为对照组与观察组各40例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施个体化护理,组间比较术后疼痛评分、术后并发症发生率、护理满意度,并在组内、组间比较心理状态、睡眠质量及生活质量评分。结果 术后12~48 h,疼痛评分观察组与对照组相比更低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组与对照组的术后并发症发生率在组间比较,观察组更低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。护理后,较之对照组,观察组中患者的SAS、SDS及PSQI评分均更低,观察组中患者的生活质量评分更高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。观察组、对照组的护理总满意率为97.50%、82.50%,观察组更高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 在梗阻性黄疸患者实施PTCD治疗期间,个体化护理方案的落实可起到减轻术后疼痛感、减少术后并发症的作用,对患者心理、睡眠及生活质量具有良好的改善作用,其护理满意度高。

Objective To explore the nursing methods and intervention effect of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographic drainage(PTCD) in the treatment of obstructive jaundice. Methods From January 2018 to June 2020, according to the random number table method, a total of 80 cases of patients with obstructive jaundice treated with PTCD in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the observation group was given individualized nursing. The postoperative pain score, the incidence of postoperative complications and nursing satisfaction were compared between groups,and the scores of psychological state, sleep quality and quality of life were compared within and between groups. Results At 12-48 h after operation, the pain score was lower in the observation group than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was compared between the control group and the observation group, the observation group was lower, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). After nursing, compared with the control group, the scores of SAS, SDS and PSQI in the observation group were lower, and the scores of quality of life in the observation group were higher, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The total satisfaction rates of nursing in the observation group and the control group were 97.50% and 82.50%, which was higher in the observation group, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusion During PTCD treatment for patients with obstructive jaundice, the implementation of individualized nursing plan can reduce postoperative pain and postoperative complications, improve patients’ psychology, sleep and quality of life, and have high nursing satisfaction.