契合视角下的农田水利供给质量评价——基于2018-2019年黄河流域的数据分析

Quality Evaluation of Irrigation and Water Conservancy Supply from the Perspective of Fit: Based on the Data Analysis of the Yellow River Basin in 2018-2019 Year

农田水利供给质量是指农田水利供给与农田灌溉需求之间契合性的强弱程度。运用契合度模型测算黄河流域2018—2019年的农田水利供给质量,结果表明:总体上看,黄河流域农田水利供给质量尚未达到最高水平,其中44.44%的地区农田水利供给质量达到了中等或较高水平,55.56%的大部分地区的农田水利供给质量仍处于较低水平,农田水利供给质量提升的空间仍十分巨大;从分类及分布情况看,黄河流域农田水利供给质量可划分为三大类型,较高水平的农田水利供给分布于山东与河南两省,中等水平的农田水利供给分布于四川与内蒙古两省区,较低水平的农田水利供给分布于甘肃、陕西、山西、宁夏、青海等省区。提升黄河流域农田水利供给质量基本路径在于:加快黄河流域农田水利高质量供给的顶层政策设计;加大黄河流域大农田水利投资力度;强化黄河流域农田水利建造主体功能,创新相关建造机制;强化黄河流域农田水利管护主体功能,创新相关管护机制;大规模推进黄河流域标准化农田建设及节水灌溉技术的应用。

The supply quality of irrigation and water conservancy refers to the degree of fit between the irrigation and water conservancy and farmland irrigation demand.The measurement results of the supply quality of irrigation and water conservancy of the Yellow River Basin in 2018-2019 year based on Fit Model show the following conclusions.On the whole,the supply quality of irrigation and water conservancy in the Yellow River Basin has not reached the highest level,among which 44.44%of the areas have reached the medium or high level,and 55.56%of most areas are still at a low level.Therefore,there is still a huge space for improving the supply quality of irrigation and water conservancy.In terms of classification and distribution,the quality of irrigation and water conservancy supply in the Yellow River Basin can be divided into three types.The higher quality of irrigation and water conservancy supply is distributed in Shandong and Henan provinces;the medium level of water conservancy supply quality is distributed in Sichuan and Inner Mongolia;and the lower level of water conservancy supply quality is distributed in Gansu,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Ningxia and Qinghai provinces.The basic ways to improving the quality of irrigation and water conservancy supply in the Yellow River basin include speeding up the top-level policy design of high-quality irrigation and water conservancy supply in the Yellow River Basin,increasing investment in large irrigation and water conservancy projects in the Yellow River basin,strengthening the main function of irrigation and water conservancy construction in the Yellow River Basin and innovating related construction mechanism,strengthening the main functions of irrigation and water conservancy management in the Yellow River Basin,and innovating related management and protection mechanisms,promoting in large-scale construction of standardized farmland and the application of water-saving irrigation technology in the Yellow River basin.