基于响应面法的双级串联轴承结构优化设计

Structural Optimization Design of Double-decker Ball Bearing Based on Response Surface Methodology

双级串联轴承相比传统的单级轴承具有极限转速高、使用寿命长等优点,但双级串联轴承相比单级轴承增加了一级轴承结构,导致整体质量较大,限制了很多场合的应用。针对此问题,对双级串联轴承结构进行优化设计。通过有限元分析,得到轴承等效应力、接触应力和整体温升情况,并采用响应面法对各设计变量进行局部灵敏度分析,确定并筛选出与目标函数相关性较高的参数。以轴承质量、疲劳寿命和温升为优化目标,以球径、球数和沟曲率半径系数为设计变量,通过多目标遗传算法对双级串联轴承进行多目标优化设计,从而得到双级串联轴承最优内部几何参数,并根据优化结果搭建试验装置进行了试验验证。优化结果表明:优化后双级串联轴承质量减轻10.47%,最大接触应力减小9.11%,最大等效应力减小6.45%,最大温度增大1.9%,所提优化方法为双级串联轴承结构设计及航空场合的拓展应用提供理论依据。

Compared with traditional single-decker ball bearing,the double-decker ball bearing has higher maximum speed and longer service life.However,the use of double-decker ball bearing is constrained due to its large mass.To solve the problem,the structure of double-decker ball bearing is optimized.The equivalent stress,contact stress,and temperature rise of the bearing are obtained through finite element analysis.The local sensitivity of each design variable is analyzed based on the response surface method,and the parameters that are highly correlated with the objective function are determined.The multi-objective optimization design of double-decker ball bearing is carried out using the multi-objective genetic algorithm,in which the bearings mass,fatigue life and temperature rise are takren as the optimization goals,and the ball diameter,number of balls and coefficient of groove curvature radius are taken as the design variables.The optimal internal geometric parameters of double-decker ball bearings were obtained.A test device was built according to the optimized results.The results show that the mass of the optimized double-decker ball bearing is reduced by 10.47%,the maximum contact and equivalent stresses are decreased by 9.11%and 6.45%,repectively,and the maximum temperature is increased by 1.9%.