基于EST-SSR标记的福建云霄县和尤溪县野生茶树遗传多样性分析

EST-SSR Marker-based Genetic Diversity Analysis on Wild Tea Germplasms from Yunxiao and Youxi Counties in Fujian

为了对福建云霄县、尤溪县野生茶树种质资源初步鉴定与筛选,以福建省茶树主要栽培品种为参照,利用EST-SSR毛细管电泳荧光标记技术进行遗传多样性与亲缘关系分析。结果表明:云霄县、尤溪县野生茶树种质资源与参照品种亲缘关系较远,云霄县野生茶树种质资源与广东省凤凰水仙等类型茶树品种资源亲缘关系最接近;尤溪县野生茶树种质资源与参照品种亲缘关系较远。福建云霄县、尤溪县野生茶树种质资源平均等位基因数、有效等位基因数、期望杂合度、Shannon多样性指数(I)分别为3.8966,3.3103、2.4550,2.2908、0.5264,0.4980、0.9463,0.8595,说明遗传多样性较为丰富。群体间Nei’s遗传距离、遗传分化指数(FST)与分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果一致表明群体间存在显著遗传分化,且群体间的遗传变异为21%。本研究对野生茶树种质资源进行鉴定分析,为福建野生茶树种质资源发掘、利用和保护以及育种工作提供一定参考。

To identify and select tea germplasms in Yunxiao and Youxi counties in the wild,genetic diversity and relationship of the collected samples were analyzed in reference to the major cultivated tea varieties in the province by the technique of capillary electrophoresis using EST-SSR markers.The wild-type specimens were genetically remotely related to the reference varieties.The Yunxiao germplasm was somewhat close to Phoenix Narcissus and others from Guangdong province,whereas the Youxi samples differed greatly from the reference.The mean allele number,effective allele number,expected heterozygosity,and Shannon diversity index of the Yunxiao germplasm were 3.896,2.455,0.5264,and 0.9463,respectively,while those for the Youxi specimen,3.310,2.290,0.4980,and 0.8595,respectively,indicating a relatively rich diversity.The Nei’s genetic distance,genetic differentiation index,and molecular variance analysis(AMOVA)on the populations exhibited a significant 21%variation.The results provided a basis for further exploitation,utilization,protection,and breeding of tea resources in the wild in Fujian.