基于气候特征的居住区室外热舒适多目标优化布局研究——以西安地区为例

Study on multi-objective optimization layout of outdoor thermal comfort in residential areas based on climate characteristics:Taking Xi′an as an example

居住区室外环境作为人们活动发生较为频繁的主要区域,其室外舒适度研究日益受到重视.随着计算机模拟辅助设计领域的发展,越来越多的研究方法开始选用遗传算法开展自动优化布局.为优化西安地区居住区室外热舒适并探究建筑布局与其相关性,本研究以西安市某住区前期设计为例,结合进化算法与帕累托原理,使用多目标优化平台Octopus制定了基于室外热舒适的建筑布局自生成实验.该实验通过解集空间选优探究文章背景环境下的最终优化布局方案,实验结果表明:该方法可行有效,能够辅助设计者进行方案生成与决策,为城市建筑布局提供优化方法策略.而西安地区的实验数据表明,本研究所提出优化方案中,建筑布局在冬季对室外热舒适的改善作用更为显著.

As residential outdoor area is the main place where people's activities occur frequently,the study of outdoor comfort has been paid more and more attention.With the development of computer simulation aided design,more and more research methods begin to use genetic algorithm to optimize layout automatically.In order to improve outdoor thermal comfort of residential areas in Xi′an and explore correlation between building layout and outdoor thermal comfort,this research took the early design of a residential area in Xi′an as an example and used multi-objective optimization platform Octopus,combined with evolutionary algorithm and Pareto principle,to develop the self-generating experiment of building layout based on outdoor thermal comfort.In experiment,final optimal layout scheme under the research background environment was explored through solution set spatial optimization.Experimental results show that this method is feasible and effective enough to assist designers in scheme design and decision-making,and could provide further optimization methods and strategies for urban architectural layout.Analysis of experimental data shows that building layout has a significant effect on the improvement of outdoor thermal comfort in winter among optimization schemes proposed in this paper.