长春市新城区开放式住区被害恐惧感分析与优化策略研究

Analysis on fear of crime and optimizing strategies in typical non-gated residential area in Changchun new urban districts

开放式住区是我国城市住区的重要形式之一.长春市新城区的开放式住区存在领域性不强、环境维护管理不到位等问题,易诱发居民的被害恐惧感.通过调查问卷采集长春市新城区典型开放式住区被害恐惧感的基础数据,借助SPSS软件的数理量化分析工具,采用“因子分析”对被害恐惧感的多种空间环境影响因素进行降维,归结成四组主要的影响因子,再通过“回归分析”对各因子的影响强度大小进行排序,在此基础上构建影响因素模型,然后借鉴“通过环境设计预防犯罪(CPTED)”策略有针对性地改善影响被害恐惧感的环境因素,减弱环境参与者的被害恐惧感.

Non-gated residential area is one of the important forms of urban residential area in China.However,there are some problems in the non-gated residential area of Changchun City,such as weak sense of territory,inadequate environmental maintenance and management,which can easily induce residents'fear of crime.In this study,the basic data of fear of crime in typical non-gated residential areas in the new urban districts of Changchun were collected by questionnaire.With the help of the mathematical quantitative analysis tool of SPSS software,the“factor analysis”was used to reduce the dimension of various spatial environmental factors of fear of crime,which were summarized into four groups of main influencing factors.Then,“regression analysis”was used to rank the influence intensity of each factor,and the influencing factor model was constructed on this basis.Finally,the strategy of“Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED)”was used to improve the environmental factors so as to weaken the fear of crime of environmental participants.