人参皂苷Rg3抗肝癌作用研究进展

Effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on hepatocellular carcinoma

2018年GLOBOCAN数据显示,肝癌发病例数位居恶性肿瘤第4位,死亡例数位居第2位。中晚期肝癌患者推荐中医中药辅助肝癌的治疗。人参皂苷Rg3是一种四环三萜达玛烷型稀有人参皂苷,存在20(R)和20(S)两种对映异构体。以人参皂苷Rg3单体为主要成分的抗癌新药参一胶囊于2003年上市,主要应用于肺癌、肝癌的辅助治疗。人参皂苷Rg3体内外研究均证实其有良好的抗肝癌活性。人参皂苷Rg3抗肝癌的作用机制是多方面的,包括诱导肝癌细胞凋亡、调控自噬逆转耐药、抑制细胞侵袭及转移、抑制血管生成。本文就人参皂苷Rg3治疗肝癌的临床前及临床研究进展进行综述,以期对后续研究提供参考。

According to the GLOBOCAN data in 2018,liver cancer ranked fourth in the number of malignant tumors and second in the number of deaths.It is recommended that patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma are treated with traditional Chinese medicine.Ginsenoside Rg3 is a rare ginsenoside of tetracyclic triterpenoid damarane type,and has 20(R)and 20(S)enantiomers.Shenyi capsule,a new anticancer drug with ginsenoside Rg3 monomer as the main component,was marketed in 2003,and is mainly used in the adjuvant treatment of lung cancer and liver cancer.Ginsenoside Rg3 has been proved to have good anti-liver cancer activity in vitro and in vivo.The mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 against hepatocellular carcinoma is multiplex,including inducing apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells,inhibiting invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells,inhibiting angiogenesis,reversing drug resistance,regulating autophagy,and enhancing immune function.In this review,the preclinical and clinical research progress of ginsenoside Rg3 in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma was reviewed so as to provide references for the subsequent research.