交通基础设施建设影响区域经济差距的特征、机理及其实证研究

The Features and the Mechanism of the Impact of Transportation Infrastructure Construction on Regional Economic Gap and the Empirical Study

文章提出了交通基础设施建设对区域经济差距的影响具有双向性、阶段性和空间相关性三个基本特征的理论判断,利用全国1992—2019年省际面板数据,建立动态面板系统GMM模型和空间杜宾模型对此进行实证分析。结果发现:在1992—2019年间,交通基础设施建设对省域区域经济差距的综合影响是正向的,总体而言有助于缩小省域区域经济差距;交通基础设施发展对处于经济发展不同阶段的东、中、西三大地带内部省域区域经济差距的作用效果不同,其影响呈现出阶段性特征;交通基础设施发展对省域区域经济差距具有明显的空间效应,实施交通基础设施建设能够显著缩小省域区域经济差距,但却倾向于促使邻近省域区域经济差距扩大。建议继续加强对交通基础设施的投资建设,使交通基础设施逐步发展完善进而惠及全域。在提高交通基础设施密度的同时提高交通基础设施运输效率,统筹区域交通基础设施发展,对冲因区域间交通基础设施建设发展不平衡所造成的负溢出效应。

This paper puts forward the theoretical judgment that the impact of transportation infrastructure construction on regional economic gap has three basic features: bidirectionality, stages and spatial correlation. Based on the inter-provincial panel data from 1992 to 2019, the article establishes dynamic panel system GMM model and spatial Dobbin model for empirical analysis. The results show that from 1992 to 2019, the comprehensive impact of transportation infrastructure construction on the provincial-regional economic gap is positive, and generally helps to narrow the provincial-regional economic gap. In the eastern, middle and western China with different stages of economic development, the effect of transportation infrastructure development on the provincial-regional economic gap is different, and it indicates a stage characteristics. The development of transportation infrastructure has obvious spatial effect on the provincial-regional economic gap, and it can significantly reduce the economic gap, but it tends to expand the provincial-regional economic gap of neighboring provinces. It is suggested that the investment and construction of transport infrastructure should be further enhanced, so that the gradual development and improvement of transport infrastructure can benefit the whole region;improving the efficiency of transportation infrastructure while increasing the its density;coordinating the development of regional transport infrastructure and hedge the negative spillover effects caused by the unbalanced development of inter-regional transportation infrastructure construction.