颐和园奏折的山水庭院图解与相度文化诠释

Illustration and Interpretation of Xiangdu Culture of Landscape Courtyard of the Summer Palace in Historical Literature

颐和园作为世界文化遗产,是园林设计哲学和东方文化形式的缩影,作为皇家宫苑的典型案例,对诠释传统相度文化具有代表性意义。以颐和园万寿山山形、昆明湖水势及前山庭院布局为例,采用历史文献(图像)分析方法,即通过光绪朝文字史料与园林图景的比对,重点关注山水庭院中的图景相称,并提取其中所反映的图像符号,解读空间布局的深层文化内涵。通过探讨相度文化对皇家园林的影响,建构山水庭院图解基本模式,从而审视中国传统造园思想体系中天地人“三才”的相互关系,为古典园林研究与保护提供新的思路。

As the World Cultural Heritage,the Summer Palace concentrates the philosophy of landscape design and the form of oriental culture.As a typical case of royal palace,it is of representative signifcance to interpret the traditional Xiangdu culture.Taking the shape of Wanshou Mountain,the flow of water of Kunming Lake,and the layout of Qianshan Courtyard of the Summer Palace as the research case,this research adopts the method of historical literature(image)analysis,and compares the historical literature in emperor Guangxu’s reign with the landscape of the Summer Palace,focusing on the image matching in the landscape courtyard,and extracts the image symbols to interpret the deep culture of the garden space.By discussing the infuence of Xiangdu culture to construct the basic pattern of landscape courtyard illustration,it examines the relationship between heaven,earth and human beings in the traditional Chinese garden,so as to provide new ideas for the research and protection of classical gardens.