乡村学校文化责任的历史变迁与教育回归

Historical Changes and Educational Return of Cultural Responsibility in Rural Schools

近现代中国发生的乡村变迁与解体过程,在本质上是乡村文化的解体及乡村精英文化生产的终止。经过一个多世纪的变革与发展,乡村学校逐步从乡村文化的生产主体回归为单一的教育主体。在这个漫长的回归过程中,乡村学校不断扩大并最终获得通向主流的教育权利和机会,但同时也不断积累着教育回归的历史代价与后果,渐渐丢失自身在乡村社会的文化主体地位。但在新的历史发展阶段,乡村学校的教育回归,并不意味着退出乡村,而是一种文化责任的历史转移。在重新回归自身的过程中,乡村学校以教育主体的身份重构文化责任。

The process of rural change and disintegration in modern China is, in essence, the disintegration of rural culture and the termination of rural elite cultural production. After more than a century of reform and development,rural schools gradually return from the production subject of rural culture to a single educational subject. In this long process of return, rural schools continue to expand and eventually gain access to the mainstream rights and opportunities, but at the same time, it also accumulated the historical cost and consequence of education return, and gradually lost its cultural subject status in rural society. However, in the new stage of historical development, the return of rural school education does not mean to withdraw from the countryside, but a historical transfer of cultural responsibility. In the process of returning to itself, the rural school reconstructs its cultural responsibilities as the subjects of education.