新型冠状病毒肺炎和delta变异株肺炎患者临床特点回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19 and Delta Variant Pneumonia

目的:探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者和delta变异株肺炎患者的不同临床特征.方法:回顾性分析2020年2月14日~3月15日武汉市某COVID-19定点医院住院的COVID-19患者和2021年5月21日~6月22日收治于广州某COVID-19定点医院的delta变异株新冠肺炎患者,共计284例,男126例,女158例,分别对患者入院后的一般情况、临床症状、化验室检查、胸部CT检查结果进行分组统计学比较;结果:两组研究对象在年龄方面有差异(P<0.001),在临床症状咳痰、胸闷、气促、咽部疼痛不适、乏力和腹泻等方面都有差异显著性(P<0.01);在化验室检查中白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞(NEUT)、单核细胞(MO)、嗜酸粒细胞(EO)计数、嗜碱粒细胞(BASO)计数、C反应蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶水平比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);肌酸激酶数值比较有显著性(P<0.05),delta变异株肺炎的肺部进展较快(t=3.98,P<0.001).结论:群体发病的年龄不同,两种肺炎的临床症状和化验室检查不同,由于变异病毒的致病性不同,出现不同的机体反应和临床症状,回顾分析结果对冠状病毒肺炎的诊断和治疗提供一定的参考依据.

Objective:To explore the different clinical characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)and delta variant pneumonia.Methods:Retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a hospital in Wuhan from February 14 to March 15,2020 and admitted to the Eighth Affiliated City Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou City)from May 21 to June 22,2021 Eighth People's Hospital of the delta variant strain of new coronavirus pneumonia patients,a total of 284 cases in the two hospitals,126 males and 158 females.After admission,the general conditions,clinical symptoms,laboratory examinations,and chest CT examination results of the patients were statistically compared in groups.Results:There was a difference in ages between the two groups of cases(P<0.001).There were significant differences in clinical symptoms of sputum,chest tightness,shortness of breath,throat pain and discomfort,fatigue and diarrhea(p<0.01).In laboratory examinations,white blood cells(WBC),neutrophils(NEUT),monocytes(MO),eosinophils(EO),basophils(BASO)numbers,C-reactive protein,and lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly different(P<0.01),and the values of creatine kinase were significant differences(P<0.05).The lung progression of delta variant pneumonia was faster than that of COVID-19(P<0.001).Conclusion:The age of onset of the population was different.The clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations of the two types of pneumonia were different.The different body reactions and clinical symptoms appeared due to the different pathogenicity of the mutant viruses.The retrospective analysis results were useful for the diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus pneumonia at some degree.