阿拉伯海湾国家在中东北非地区的卫生发展援助

Arab Gulf States’ Development Assistance for Health in the Middle East

近年来,卫生发展援助逐渐在联合国推动的全球发展议程中处于核心地位,已成为国际政治和各国外交的优先议程。本文聚焦海湾援助国在中东北非地区卫生发展援助领域的贡献并总结出以下特点:海湾援助国主要通过双边渠道提供援助,重点关注中东北非国家以及其他伊斯兰国家,倾向于受援国卫生领域的能力建设援助,旨在提升国家软实力,实现宗教福利跨国延伸。海湾援助国的援助模式丰富了原有的国际援助内容,进一步深化和细化南南合作,推动国际援助从"援助有效性"向"发展有效性"转变。从短期看,海湾援助国的卫生发展援助将推动世界在疫情后重启;从长期看,海湾援助国的援助集中体现了新兴援助国在扩大卫生发展援助筹资渠道、加强卫生发展援助力度,乃至于重塑全球援助格局等方面的重要性。

In recent years, development assistance for health has gradually taken a central position in the global development agenda promoted by the United Nations, and has also become a priority agenda in international politics and diplomacy of various countries. This article focuses on the contribution of Gulf donors in the field of development assistance for health in the Middle East and North Africa and summarizes their characteristics as below: Gulf donors mainly assist through bilateral channels;they focus on Arab countries, Islamic countries and sub-Saharan African countries;they tend to increase the field and system of recipient countries;they aim to enhance soft power;they seek to realize multinational religious welfare. The aid model of the Gulf donors has enriched current international aid activities, deepened and refined SouthSouth cooperation, and promoted the transformation from “aid effectiveness” to “development effectiveness” for international aid. The Gulf donors helped restart the world after the COVID-19 epidemic in the short term;and in the long term, they have embodied the importance of emerging donors about expanding the financing channels of development assistance for health, strengthening the efforts of development assistance for health, and even reshaping the structure of global aid and other aspects.