全髋关节置换术中重建股骨偏心距的临床意义

Clinical significance of femoral offset reconstruction during total hip arthroplasty

人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)从早期探索阶段到发展至今已经有了100余年的历史,植入物的材料和假体安放的位置是早期决定THA成功与否的重要因素^([1-6])。随着外科技术和假体设计的不断突破和创新,临床外科医师开始更多地关注髋关节解剖形态的重建和生物力学的恢复。髋关节作为人体最大的负重力学支点,全身的重力沿着髋关节向下肢传导^([7-8])。

Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most common and successful operations in orthopedics.As the largest weight-bearing joint in the human body,the reconstruction of the anatomy and the restoration of biomechanics are important factors that determine the success of the operation.Femoral offset,as an important factor affecting the geometric design of femoral prosthesis,is an important reference index to restore normal biomechanics of the hip joint.A large number of clinical experiments have confirmed that the ideal femoral offset reconstruction can disperse the stress around the hip prosthesis,maintain the balance of the surrounding soft tissue,increase stability,reduce wear,improve gait,and increase the life of the prosthesis.This article retrieves articles that have made important discoveries in the research of offset reconstruction in the past 20 years to illustrate the clinical significance and importance of offset reconstruction from six aspects.