20世纪50年代陕西唐墓出土陶俑彩绘颜料的初步研究

Preliminary Study of the Polychrome Pigments on Pottery Figurines Unearthed from Tang Dynasty Tomb in Shaan Xi in the 1950s

为了解一批65件20世纪50年代陕西唐墓出土陶俑的彩绘颜料成分,采用X射线荧光仪(XRF)、扫描电镜能谱仪(SEM-DES)和拉曼光谱仪(RM)等对陶俑表面颜料进行了分析检测。研究发现:这些陶俑表面颜料均为无机颜料:红色颜料为朱砂,铁红色颜料为赤铁矿,绿色颜料为孔雀石,白色颜料为铅白,黑色颜料为炭黑,橘色颜料为铅丹,部分铅丹已转化为白色碳酸铅。分析结果为这批陶俑彩绘颜料的鉴定、保护修复方案的设计、保护修复实施以及后期保存环境提供了科学依据。

In order to investigate the pigment composition of 65 polychrome pottery figurines unearthed from Tang Dynasty Tomb in Shaanxi in 1950s,X-ray fluorescence(XRF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),raman spectrometry(RM)and other methods were used to analyzed and study the pigments.The results show that the pigments were all inorganic mineral ones:the red pigment of the pottery surfaces was cinnabar;the iron red pigment was hematite;the white pigment was white lead and the black pigment was charcoal;orange one was minium,and some of the minium had been transformed into white lead carbonate.This research could provide a scientific basis for pigment identification,cultural relic conservation and restoration in the future and the later preservation environment.