基于PCA的云南红河州烟叶常规化学成分特征研究

Study on Characteristics of Routine Chemical Components of Tobacco Leaves in Honghe Prefecture Yunnan Province Based on PCA

为明确红河州烟区烟叶质量特征,对3 124份烟叶样品的常规化学成分进行测定,并采用PCA方法分析不同部位、品种、产区烟叶的主要化学成分特征.结果表明,不同产区、不同品种间常规化学成分差异不明显,但不同部位间变化特征明显,具体表现为,烟碱、总氮和蛋白质质量分数呈现出w(上部叶)>w(中部叶)>w(下部叶),钾、氯质量分数表现出w(下部叶)>w(中部叶)>w(上部叶).从烟叶化学成分适宜范围来看,下部叶烟碱质量分数整体略高于适宜值,上部叶钾质量分数和中、下部叶糖氮比过于偏低.

To clarify the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in Honghe Prefecture, the routine chemical components of 3 124 tobacco samples were determined, and the main chemical components of tobacco leaves in different positions, varieties, and producing areas were analyzed by PCA. The results showed that there were no significant differences in routine chemical components among different producing areas and varieties, but the change of quality characteristics was obvious among different positions, which were as follows: the nicotine, total nitrogen, and protein were w(upper)>w(middle)>w(lower);the potassium, the chlorine was w(lower)>w(middle)>w(upper). Refer to the appropriate value of chemical components of tobacco leaves, it was found that the nicotine content of lower leaves was slightly higher than the appropriate value;the potassium content of upper tobacco leaves and the sugar/nitrogen ratio of middle and lower tobacco leaves was too low.