甘肃省金塔北海子国家湿地公园水文调查与监测

Hydrological Survey and Monitoring of Jinta Beihaizi National Wetland Park in Gansu Province

水域面积及水质环境的健康状况对湿地公园维持局地生境系统稳定具有重要作用。采用遥感影像解译和CAD软件建模,分析了甘肃省金塔北海子国家湿地公园的水域面积、储水量等。结果表明,2010~2018年水域面积总体呈波动增加趋势,2013、2018年分别达到最大值20.7、30.7 km^(2);年际变化则呈现不同的规律,2010~2011年湿地水域面积处于萎缩期,分别为11.4、9.9 km^(2);2011~2013年水域面积增幅较大,约为108.5%,2017年较2016年增幅较大,约为103.5%,湿地水量有增大趋势。2017、2018年储水量超过10000 m^(3),最大值为12555.1 m^(3)。各类监测水质指标均符合国家地表水环境质量标准,未出现污染指标和污染源。因此,金塔北海子国家湿地公园已达到重要湿地保护级别。

The water area and the health status of water quality environment play an important role in wetland park for maintaining the stability of local habitat system. The remote sensing satellite image interpretation and CAD modeling method were used to analyze the water area and water storage of Jinta Beihaizi National Wetland Park. The results show that the water area shows an increasing trend from 2010 to 2018, especially reaching the maximum of 20.7 km;and 30.7 km^(2);in 2013 and 2018, respectively. The inter-annual variation showed different patterns, and the wetland water areas in the shrinking period from 2010 to 2011 were 11.4 km^(2)and 9.9 km^(2), respectively. From 2011 to 2013, the water area increased by about 108.5%, and the increase in 2017 was larger than that in 2016, about 103.5%. The water volume of Beihaizi wetland showed an increasing trend. Wetland water storage had increased in recent years. In 2017 and 2018, water storage exceeded 10 000 m^(3), and the maximum was 12 555.1 m^(3). The monitoring of various water quality indicators showed that they were in line with the national surface water environmental quality standards, and there were no pollution indicators and pollution sources. Therefore, Jinta Beihaizi National Wetland Park has reached an important level of wetland protection.