深圳近岸海域表层沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价

Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Shenzhen nearshore

以2017年8月对深圳近岸海域沉积物铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)重金属调查资料为基础,分析其空间分布特征,并结合同步调查得到的总有机碳,应用Pearson相关性分析和主成分分析法,探究深圳近岸海域重金属污染来源,应用地累积指数和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数评估生态风险。研究表明,沉积物中7种重金属具有相同的来源及相似的迁移输运路径,主要来源于陆源工业废水和生活污水排放对沉积物的影响,As、Cd和Hg还受到船舶废气和船舶运输对沉积物的影响。重金属污染集中于茅洲河河口至宝安机场近岸海域和深圳河口地区,Hg、As、Cd的生态风险指数高于其他重金属。

Based on the investigation data of heavy metals in the sediments of Shenzhen nearshore in August 2017, Analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals. combining synchronous survey of total organic carbon, Using Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis to explore the heavy metal pollution sources, using the site accumulation index and the Hakanson potential ecological risk index to evaluate the ecological risk. This study shows that heavy metals of nearshore sediments in Shenzhenhave the same source and similar transport path, mainly from the Discharge of land industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, As、Cd and Hg are also affected by ship exhaust gas and ship transport.Heavy metal pollution is concentrated in the coastal areas from maozhouhe River Estuary to Bao’an airport nearshore and Shenzhen River Estuary. The ecological risk index of Hg, As and Cd is higher than other heavy metals.