中国数字贸易发展:现状、挑战及思路

China’s Digital Trade Development:Status Quo,Challenges and Ideas

“十三五”时期,中国数字贸易取得跨越发展,数字贸易出口竞争力显著增强并成为服务贸易顺差的主要贡献者,离岸服务外包成为主要出口方式,数字贸易发展基础更加夯实,数字企业规模实力和创新能力显著提升。“十四五”时期,中国产业数字化发展空间广阔,新冠肺炎疫情增强了国内大市场优势,全球数字贸易强劲增长,“数字丝路”建设将释放“一带一路”沿线市场巨大潜力,这些都给中国数字贸易发展带来新机遇。但是,数字贸易发展面临制约因素突出,数字贸易规则和治理挑战严峻。本文提出,以数字技术创新为牵引夯实数字经济产业基础,以制度型开放为引领推动数字贸易高水平开放,有机统筹开放发展与安全,以建设“数字丝路”为重心拓展数字贸易国际合作新空间。

During the“13th Five-Year Plan”period,China’s digital trade has achieved leapfrog development,the export competitiveness of digital trade has been significantly enhanced,and it has become a major contributor to the surplus in service trade,offshore service outsourcing has become the main export method,the foundation for the development of digital trade has been consolidated,and the scale,strength and innovation capabilities of digital enterprises have been significantly improved.During the“14th Five-Year Plan”period,China’s industrial digitalization development space is broad,the COVID-19 has enhanced the advantages of the domestic market,global digital trade has grown strongly,and the construction of the“Digital Silk Road”will release the huge potential of the market along the“Belt and Road”,the development of digital trade in China brings new opportunities.However,the development of digital trade faces prominent constraints,and the challenges of digital trade rules and governance are severe.This paper proposes to consolidate the industrial foundation of the digital economy with digital technology innovation as the driving force,promote high-level opening of digital trade with institutional openness as the guide,and organically coordinate open development and security,and focus on building a“Digital Silk Road”to expand new space for international cooperation in digital trade.