结直肠造口患者主要照顾者负荷体验质性研究

Qualitative Study of Primary Caregiver Load Experience in Colorectal Stoma Patients

深入探讨结直肠造口患者主要照顾者负荷体验,剖析其主要照顾者心理负荷,了解其在照顾患者时的负荷体验,为促进患者居家康复以及延续性护理提供理论依据。采用现象学研究方法,对西安市某三级医院10例永久性肠造口患者的主要照顾者进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi7步分析法对结果资料归纳并提炼主题。共提炼出复杂的情绪反应,造口照护知识缺乏,承受巨大的照顾负荷,需要社会及经济支持4个主题。结直肠造口患者的主要照顾者在日常照护患者的过程中都存在一定程度的照顾负荷,医护人员应关注这类群体的心理情绪变化,采取针对性的干预措施,减轻照顾者的心理负荷,提高患者及照顾者的生活质量。

To deeply explore the load experience of primary caregivers of colorectal stoma patients,analyze their psychological load,understand their load experience when caring for patients,so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting patients'home rehabilitation and continuous nursing.A semi-structured interview was conducted with the primary caregivers of 10 patients with permanent stoma in a tertiary hospital in Xi'an using a phenomenological research method,and the data were summarized and refined by Colaizzi 7-step analysis.A total of four themes were extracted:complex emotional reactions,lack of knowledge about stoma care,a huge care load on the shoulder,and social and financial support needed.The primary caregivers of colorectal stoma patients have a certain degree of care load in the daily care of the patients.Health care professionals should pay attention to the psycho-emotional changes of these individuals and take targeted interventions to reduce the psychological load of the caregivers and improve the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers.