植物激素在苔藓生长发育与逆境响应过程中的作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on the Role and Mechanism of Phytohormones in Bryophyte Growth,Development and Stress Response

植物激素是由植物自身代谢产生的一类从产生部位移动到作用部位发挥调控功能的微量小分子有机物质,在植物生长发育、响应环境胁迫过程中起到关键作用。苔藓植物作为早期登陆的非维管植物,处于陆生植物进化早期的阶段,具有许多不同于维管植物的形态和生理特征。大部分苔藓中普遍存在8种主要的植物激素及其衍生物(包括ABA、JA、ET、SA、Auxin、CK、GAs和BRs),并且在合成代谢以及信号转导通路上存在相关同源基因,但苔藓植物中某些植物激素在存在形式及功能上与维管植物传统认知有所不同,说明苔藓植物激素的合成代谢、信号转导过程在进化上既具有保守性也具有特殊性。目前苔藓植物激素研究较少,且多集中在ABA等少数激素的功能研究上,缺乏调控机制研究。该文梳理了苔藓植物激素在合成代谢与信号转导通路中关键基因组分及其与维管植物的异同,系统综述了植物激素在苔藓生长发育、非生物与生物胁迫过程中所起到的作用以及调控机制,旨在对今后苔藓植物激素调控机制的研究提供一定的研究思路和理论参考。

Phytohormones are a group of small molecular organic substances produced by plant metabolism,which move from the production site to the action site to play a regulatory role.They play a wide variety of critical roles in plant growth and development and response to environmental stress.As early landing non vascular plants,bryophytes have many morphological and physiological characteristics which are different from vascular plants.Most bryophytes have 8 major plant hormones and their derivatives including ABA,JA,ET,SA,Auxin,CK,GAs and BRs,and homologous genes related to plant hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways have been found in bryophytes.At present,there are few studies on bryophyte hormones,and most of them focus on the function of ABA,and lack of research on the regulation mechanism.This review analyzed the similarities and differences of phytohormones between bryophytes and vascular plants in key components of anabolism and signal transduction pathways,and elaborated the roles and regulatory mechanisms of plant hormones in bryophyte growth and development,and abiotic and biotic stress,to provide some research ideas and theoretical reference for the future research of plant hormone regulation mechanism of bryophytes.