影响精神分裂症自我报告康复效果的因素

Study of related factors on self-report effects of rehabilitation in schizophrenia patients

目的了解影响精神分裂症患者自我报告康复效果的相关因素,为完善康复技术、提升精神分裂症患者社会功能的恢复提供依据。方法应用自编康复调查问卷收集接受精神康复训练的精神分裂症患者资料。结果自编康复调查问卷内部一致性分析显示,Cronbach's alpha系数为0.768和0.874。纳入102例康复患者,根据患者自我报告的康复训练效果分为有效组和无效组,其中有效组78例,无效组24例。有效组和无效组相比,婚姻状况、居住情况、交友状况、康复次数、康复时间、人际关系方面差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,婚姻(OR=0.083,P=0.019)、居住状况(OR=0.093,P=0.025)、朋友(OR=0.011,P=0.001)、每年康复次数(OR=1.029,P=0.027)与康复效果有关。结论自我报告的康复效果评估是临床康复评估的有益补充,婚姻状况为单身、居住无独立空间、无朋友、康复次数少是影响康复效果的危险因素,在康复训练中,应根据患者情况进行针对性靶向训练,以提升康复疗效,促进患者社会功能的康复。

Objective To understand the related factors affecting the self-reported effect of rehabilitation in schizophrenia patients and provide basis for improving rehabilitation technique and the recovery of social function in schizophrenia patients.Methods A cross-sectional survey was used to collect the data of schizophrenia patients undergoing mental rehabilitation training by using a self-made rehabilitation questionnaire.Results The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the questionnaire internal consistency were 0.768 and 0.874.A total of 102 schizophrenia patients were included and divided into effective group and non-effective group according to the self-reported rehabilitation efficacy.There were 78 patients in effective group and 24 patients in noneffective group.There were significant differences of marital status,resident status,friends,rehabilitation times,rehabilitation time,and interpersonal relationship(all P<0.05)between two groups.Logistic regression analysis showed that marriage(OR=0.083,P=0.019),resident status(OR=0.093,P=0.025),friendship(OR=0.011,P=0.001),and rehabilitation times(OR=1.029,P=0.027)were related with efficacy of rehabilitation.Conclusion Self-reported rehabilitation efficacy is a useful supplement to clinical rehabilitation evaluation.Single,no independent space,no friends,and less rehabilitation times were risk factor of rehabilitation efficacy.Targeted rehabilitation training should be carried out according to the situation of patients in order to improve the efficacy of rehabilitation and promote the recovery of social function in patients.