汪曾祺的语言政治与中国古典文学传统--兼说《早春》的命运

Wang Zengqi’s Language Politics and the Tradition of Classical Chinese Literature--A Concurrent Discussion on the Destiny of Early Spring

以小说家、散文家著名的汪曾祺,不但从事过新诗创作,而且因为新诗《早春》受到批判,并被补划为“右派”。这一经历对汪曾祺此后的文学语言发生了深刻影响。20世纪80年代,汪曾祺的散文、小说有了与其早期不同的语言特质,平淡的话语内深藏了倾向性,体现了一种迥异的语言政治。得之于家庭传统、教育经历、新文学传统及史传文学的影响,汪曾祺通过炼字手法和语言形式的探索,形成了特有的文学语言调子和文气。在平淡的语言背后,潜含着汪曾祺试图通过文学语言潜移默化的力量来感化人心的语言政治。

Wang Zengqi,renowned as a novelist and essayist,was not only engaged in the creation of new poetry,but also criticized for his new poem Early Spring,and thus classified as a“rightist”.This experience has exerted a profound impact on Wang Zengqi’s later literary language.In the 1980s,Wang Zengqi’s prose and novels presented different language characteristics from those works in his early days,for his plain discourse was profoundly tendentious and reflective of a different language politics.Influenced by his family tradition,educational experiences,new literary tradition as well as historical and biographical literature,Wang Zengqi has developed his unique literary language tone and style through his exploration of linguistic refinement techniques and linguistic patterns.Behind the plain language lies the language politics by which Wang Zengqi attempts to influence people’s hearts through the subtle power of literary language.