我国开放大学践行开放理念的脉络与趋势研究

Research on the Development and Trend of Practicing the Concept of Openness of Open Universities in China

招生是开放大学践行开放理念的重要体现。40多年来,我国开放大学学历教育招生政策在4个时间节点经历了4次大的调整,有两条践行开放理念的主线:一是开放,体现在自学视听生、注册视听生等开放教育形式上;二是生存,体现在从中专、普专班等到高职的学制设计上。其中生存的本质依然是开放,是主动寻找需求、多元发展的生存选择。影响开放大学招生的关键因素是质量,未来开放大学必须以高质量发展促进开放办学,在政策层面,逐步赋予开放大学应有的开放办学权;在机构层面,坚持开放和生存两手抓。

Enrollment is an important embodiment of open universities’ practicing the concept of openness. Over the past 40 years, the enrollment policy of diploma education in China’s open universities has undergone four major adjustments at four time nodes. There are two main lines to practice the concept of openness: the first is openness, which is reflected in the forms of open education such as self-taught audio-visual students and registered audio-visual students;and the second is survival, which is reflected in the school system design from technical secondary school and general college education to higher vocational education. The essence of survival is still openness, which is the choice for survival to actively look for needs and diversified development. The key factor affecting the enrollment of open universities is quality. In the future, open universities must promote open school-running with high-quality development. At the policy level, the rights of open school-running should be gradually given to open universities. At the institutional level, open universities should adhere to both openness and survival.