城市轨道交通网络延时运营特征及难点研究

Research on Characteristics and Difficulties of Operation Extension of Urban Rail Transit Network

延时运营作为一项新兴的城市轨道交通运营生产需求,旨在通过选择网络中部分线路在其常规运营结束后继续运营一段时间,从而满足日益增长的夜间出行需求和运营管理部门的某些特定延时运营目标。研究以城市轨道交通网络化延时运营为背景,从社会经济发展、夜间公共交通服务需求等角度分析了延时运营的必要性;以上海地铁网络为例,从客流的增长性、周期性和不均衡性3个角度研究了网络夜间客流规律;从乘客出行特征、运输组织特征和网络可达性角度分析了网络延时运营时段的运营特征;最后,基于延时运营时段网络需求和供给特征,从网络延时运行计划的综合编制及优化着手,分析了城市轨道交通网络延时运营的主要难点,为促进夜间经济深入发展、提供更好的夜间公共交通服务奠定基础。

As an emerging urban rail transit(URT) operation demand, operation extension aims to meet the increasing night-time travel demand and some specific requirements of the operation management department. It is realized by selecting some lines in the network to continue operating for a period of time after the end of their regular operations. This paper took the operation extension of URT networks as the background and analyzed the necessity of operation extension from the perspectives of socio-economic development and the demand for public transportation services at night. Taking the Shanghai Metro network as an example, the paper studied the passenger flow law of the network at night from the three aspects of passenger flow growth, periodicity and imbalance. The operational characteristics during the operation extension period were also investigated in terms of passenger travel characteristics, transportation organization characteristics and network accessibility. Finally, considering the characteristics of network demand and supply in the operation extension period, the paper analyzed the main difficulties in the operation extension of the URT network during the comprehensive formulation and optimization of a network operation extension plan. The research lays a foundation for promoting the indepth development of the night-time economy and providing better public transportation services at night.