食品、药品监管渎职罪的刑罚配置评议——以刑法修正案(八)和(十一)为基础的考察

A Review of the Penal Configuration of the Crime of Food and Drug Regulatory Malpractice——An Examination Based on the Criminal Law Amendment(Ⅷ)and(Ⅺ)

刑罚是刑法的逻辑起点,从刑罚配置的角度考察食品、药品监管渎职罪的刑事司法实践,有助于刑事政策和刑事立法制定者深层次地观察该罪与反思改进方向。食品、药品监管渎职行为的独立成罪彰显了“从严治吏”的治国理政信条,但食品、药品监管渎职罪的刑罚配置违背了“罪刑相当”的刑法基本原则,资格刑的有限适用和罚金刑的缺位暴露了“刑种单一”的缺陷,刑罚幅度设置严厉程度较高揭示了刑事立法工作中的“重典治乱”思维,亟待在未来的刑事立法过程中予以相应调整和完善。

Penalty is the logical starting point of criminal law.Examining the criminal judicial practice of food and drug supervision malpractice from the perspective of penalty allocation will help the makers of criminal policy and criminal legislation to observe the crime and reflect on the direction of improvement at a deeper level.The independent criminalization of food and drug supervision malfeasance highlights the governance tenet of"strict governance",but the configuration of penalties for food and drug supervision malfeasance violates the basic principle of"equivalence between crime and punishment",and the limited application of qualification penalty and the absence of fine penalty reveal the"single type of penalty".The limited application of the qualification penalty and the absence of the fine penalty reveal the defect of"single type of penalty",and the high severity of the penalty range reveals the thinking of"heavy punishment"in the criminal legislation,which needs to be adjusted and improved in the future criminal legislation process.