超越康德——黑格尔、普勒斯纳、约纳斯和马图拉纳的生命自主性理论

Byond Kant——Hegel,Plessner,Jonas and Maturana on Biological Autonomy

当今生物学哲学蓬勃发展与人们对“生命自主性”问题的深入探讨密切相关,最初生物学哲学家试图借助康德《判断力批判》中的“自组织”概念来解释“生命的自主性”,但这种解释方式似乎遗忘了“生命自主性”还具有一个本真的互动性维度,即,有机体与环境的功能互动维度。黑格尔、普勒斯纳、约纳斯和马图拉纳等人的生物学哲学从不同方面强调了“生命自主性”的互动维度,这在一定程度上弥补了生物学哲学家单纯依靠康德的“自组织”概念在解释“生命自主性”问题上所具有的不全面性。

The vigorous development of biological philosophy is closely related to the in-depth discussion of biological autonomy,some biological philosophers attempted to explain the autonomy of living things by virtue of the concept of self-organization in Kant’s Critique of Judgment.However,this kind of explanation seems to neglect that biological autonomy also has a true interactive dimension,that is,the dimension of functional interaction between the living organism and the environment.The biological philosophy of Hegel,Plessner,Jonas and Mathurana emphasized the interactive dimension of biological autonomy from different aspects,which to some extent made up for the incompleteness of biological philosophers’explanation of biological autonomy solely relying on Kant’s concept of self-organization.