中性粒细胞离子通道及其功能的研究进展

Research progress on ion channels and their functions in neutrophils

中性粒细胞作为免疫吞噬细胞,参与许多生理及病理过程,如炎症反应,吞噬病原体,清除肿瘤细胞,清除坏死组织碎片等,这些生理功能与中性粒细胞的离子通道密切相关。本文综述了中性粒细胞上存在的不同类型的离子通道及其在中性粒细胞中的作用,包括电压门控质子通道、钾通道、ATP门控P2X;通道以及氯通道等。着重阐述中性粒细胞离子通道介导的离子电导,并总结了每个通道所介导和参与的中性粒细胞中的病理过程。从功能的角度讨论最近的发现,以期待对疾病治疗靶点的选择有所帮助。

As a major type of phagocyte, neutrophils are involved in many physiological and pathological processes that include inflammation, phagocytosis of pathogens, elimination of tumor cells, and removal of necrotic tissue debris, which are closely related to the ion channels in neutrophils. This review discusses various types of ion channels and their roles in neutrophils, which include voltage-gated proton channels, potassium channels, ATP-gated P2 X;channels and chloride channels. With a focus on the ionic conductance mediated by partial ion channels in neutrophils, the pathological processes of neutrophils mediated by each channel are summarized. Recent findings are discussed from a functional perspective to contribute to selecting therapeutic targets.