发达国家传统工业城市收缩的理论探源与经验启示——基于马克思主义空间政治经济学的分析框架

Theoretical Origin, Experience and Enlightenment of the Shrinking of Traditional Industrial Cities in Developed Countries:An Analytic Framework Based on Marxist Spatial Political Economy

20世纪六七十年代以来,西方发达国家传统工业城市普遍出现了以经济衰落、人口流失和建筑空置为特点的城市收缩现象。这些工业城市的收缩既伴随着"去工业化"带来的制造业产业转移,又涉及到全球化、新自由主义背景下资本流动与工业生产格局的全球重构,是漫长历史发展过程中多重因素共同作用的结果。依托马克思空间政治经济学的基础理论,基于"时间—空间"的双重维度,通过对传统工业城市发展的历史过程分析,更为深入地剖析资本主义传统工业城市收缩的根源与本质,力图丰富并拓展马克思主义理论对现实的指导力,并为我国传统工业地区当前所面临的收缩困境,提供有益借鉴与启示。

Since 1960 s, the traditional industrial cities in western developed countries have generally been shrinking with declining economy, population loss and more vacant buildings. The shrinking is brought about by multiple factors through a long history, such as the transfer of manufacturing industry caused by“ deindustrialization ”as well as capital flow and global reconstruction of industrial manufacture pattern in the backdrop of globalization and neoliberalism. Based on the fundamental theories of Marxist spatial political economy, this paper explores the origin and essence of the shrinking by analyzing the history of traditional industrial cities from the dual dimensions of time and space, aiming to enrich and expand the guiding force of Marxist theory towards reality and provide beneficial references for breaking the predicament of the shrinking of China’s traditional industrial zones.