烟台市“十三五”臭氧污染状况及“十四五”对策研究

Ozone Pollution Status and Measures of Yantai City inthe "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" Period

利用烟台市国省控12个空气自动监测点位臭氧监测数据分析“十三五”期间臭氧污染状况,分析表明:超标天中臭氧作为首要污染物的比例从2015年的17.8%增长为2020年的57.1%,臭氧污染问题越来越突出,成为影响烟台市空气质量优良率的首要因素。采用滨州医学院在线挥发性有机物(VOCs)监测点数据,对臭氧前体物挥发性有机物VOCs进行组分分析,研究结果表明丙酮、二氯甲烷、一氯甲烷等溶剂使用是排放量最大的VOCs物种,其中丙酮浓度高达6.27μg/m^(3),占VOCs总量的12.56%。从对臭氧的贡献来看,间/对二甲苯、乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯等人为源VOCs对臭氧生成的贡献最大,分别占9.63%、7.27%以及6.96%。基于对主要VOCs的源解析结果表明,溶剂使用、工业排放、机动车排放、生物质燃烧等是烟台地区间/对二甲苯、乙烯的主要来源。未来臭氧管控需要重点针对重点月份(5~9月)及重点时段(11:00~18:00)开展。重点需要关注的行业包括石油化工行业、橡塑制品、表面涂装以及移动源管控等。本研究结果对于烟台市大气污染综合整治、科学治理臭氧、区域联防联控有重要的指导作用。

By investigation of the ozone monitoring data of 12 air automatic monitoring station in Yantai City,the ozone pollution during the"Thirteenth Five-Year Plan"period(2016-2020)is analyzed.Results showed that the proportion of ozone as primary pollutant in polluted days has increased from 17.8%(2015)to 57.1%(2020),indicating ozone pollution has become a prominent factor that affects the rate of good air quality in Yantai City.The concentrations of ozone precursors-volatile organic compounds using the data from Binzhou Medical University station it is found that acetone,dichloromethane and monochloromethane from solvents are the most abundant VOCs,in which acetone takes a percentage of 12.56%with a concentration of 6.27μg/m^(3).When considering ozone formation potential,VOCs from anthropogenic sources i.e.m/p-xylene,ethylene and methacrylate contributed the most,accounting for 9.63%,7.27%and 6.96%,respectively.Source apportionment results based on the key VOCs species showed that solvent use,industrial emissions,motor vehicle emissions and fossil fuel combustion are the main sources.Future ozone control should focus on the key months(May-September)and key time periods(11:00-18:00).Furthermore,more attention should be paid to the key industries including petrochemical industry,rubber and plastic products,surface coating as well as mobile sources.This study will provide guidance for the comprehensive control of air pollution,scientific ozone control and regional joint prevention and control of air pollution in Yantai City.