四川石渠县包虫病区地下水化学特征分析

Analysis on chemical characteristics of groundwater in hydatid disease area in Shiqu county, Sichuan

四川省石渠县是目前全国乃至全世界人群包虫病患病率最高的地区,属泡型包虫病(多房型包虫病)和囊型包虫病(单房型包虫病)"两型包虫病"混合流行的重度流行区,研究石渠县地下水化学特征,可为保障农牧民群众饮水安全和区域地下水资源科学保护与开发提供科学依据。本文基于石渠县水样特征值统计,对该区地下水类型及水化学特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)石渠县按地下水含水介质分为松散岩类孔隙水和基岩裂隙水两大类,水化学类型以HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Mg为主。(2)Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)、HCO_(3)^(-)的平均值和标准偏差都相对较大,变异系数较小,为研究区地下水的主要阳离子和阴离子。(3)Cl^(-)是松散层孔隙潜水中随环境因素而变化的敏感因子,K^(+)+Na^(+)、HCO_(3)^(-)是基岩裂隙水中随环境因素而变化的敏感因子。分析结论为该区域地下水资源科学保护、合理开发利用和建设安全饮水提供基础科学依据。

Shiqu County,Sichuan Province is the area with the highest prevalence of echinococcosis in the whole country and even in the world.It belongs to the two types of alveolar echinococcosis(multilocularechinococcosis)and cystic echinococcosis(single-locular echinococcosis).In a severely endemic area where echinococcosis is mixed,studying the chemical characteristics of groundwater in Shiqu County can provide a scientific basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water for farmers and herdsmen and the scientific protection and development of regional groundwater resources.Based on the statistics of characteristic values of water samples in Shiqu County,this paper studies the types of groundwater and hydro chemical characteristics in this area.The results show that:(1)Shiqu County is divided into loose rock pore water and bedrock fissure water according to the water-containing medium of groundwater,and the main hydro chemical type is HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Mg.(2)The average value and standard deviation of Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),SO_(4)^(2-),HCO_(3)^(-)are relatively large,and the coefficient of variation is small.They are the main cations and anions of groundwater in the study area.(3)Cl-is a sensitive factor that changes with environmental factors in the loose layer pore water.K^(+)+Na^(+)and HCO_(3)^(-)are sensitive factors that change with environmental factors in bedrock fissure water.The analysis conclusions provide a basic scientific basis for the scientific protection,rational development and utilization of groundwater resources in the region,and the construction of safe drinking water.