洛杉矶和长滩港口拥堵分析及对我国港口发展的启示

Analysis of Port Congestion in Los Angeles and Long Beach and Its Enlightenment to China's Port Development

新冠肺炎疫情影响下美国西海岸港口出现严重拥堵,导致国际物流和供应链局部断裂。本文首先从供需平衡角度分析洛杉矶港和长滩港的能力适应性问题,根据锚地船舶数量、平均停泊时间等指标对港口拥堵程度进行分析。然后分析美国政府采取的缓解港口拥堵措施,并对政策实施效果进行评价。最后从提升港口服务可靠性、推动疫情防控跨国合作、加强港口生产动态监测等方面对我国港口高质量发展提出对策建议。

The west coast in the United States experienced serious port congestion under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.It leads to the serious interruption of international logistics and supply chain.Firstly,the capacity adaptability of Los Angeles port and Long Beach port is analyzed from the perspective of supply and demand.The congestion level at the port is evaluated by using indicators such as the vessels at anchorages and the average berth time.Then,a series of measures taken by the United States to alleviate port congestion are discussed,and the effect of policy implementation is evaluated.Finally,the countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to promote the high-quality development of China's ports,such as improving the reliability of port services,promoting transnational cooperation in epidemic prevention and control,and strengthening the dynamic monitoring of port production.