改性处理对汉麻秆粉/聚乳酸复合材料性能的影响

Effect of Modification Treatment on Properties of Hemp Stalk Powder/Polylactic Acid Composites

为了增加汉麻秆粉的利用率,减少成本,以可降解性聚乳酸(PLA)及汉麻秆粉(HP)制备HP/PLA生物降解复合材料。为了解决HP质量分数为50%时汉麻秆粉/聚乳酸复合材料(50-HP/PLA)的性能降低的问题,采用硅烷偶联剂(KH550)、钛酸酯偶联剂(TC201)、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(SBS)对50-HP/PLA改性,研究不同改性剂对50-HP/PLA的吸水性能、拉伸性能、弯曲性能以及热稳定性能的影响。结果表明:与未改性的复合材料相比,改性后的50-HP/PLA拉伸弯曲强度均提高,SBS的添加使得50-HP/PLA的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率分别提高了41.47%和18.44%,其纯SBS的添加使得复合材料性能优于SBS+DOP;在KH550处理后的50-HP/PLA弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到最大,分别提高了61.2%和17.2%,其KH550改性效果优于TC201;经过改性剂处理后50-HP/PLA的吸水性均降低,且热稳定性均提高。改性后的50-HP/PLA的吸水性和力学性能均达到相关国家标准及行业标准的要求。

In order to increase the utilization rate of Hemp stalk powder and reduce the cost,HP/PLA biodegradable composite was prepared with degradable polylactic acid(PLA)and Hemp stalk powder(HP).Silane coupling agent(KH550),titanate coupling agent(TC201),dioctyl phthalate(DOP)and styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)were selected to improve the performance of HP/PLA composites with 50%HP filling(50-HP/PLA).The effects of different modifiers on water absorption performance,tensile properties,flexural properties and thermal stability of 50-HP/PLA were studied.The results show that comparing with the unmodified composite material,the tensile and flexural strength of the modified 50-HP/PLA increase.The addition of SBS increases the tensile strength and breaking elongation ratio of 50-HP/PLA by 41.47%and 18.44%,respectively,and its pure SBS addition makes the properties of the composite better than that of the composite adding SBS+DOP.The flexural strength and flexural modulus of 50-HP/PLA after KH550 treatment could reach the maximum,increased by 61.2%and 17.2%,respectively,and its KH550 modification effect is better than TC201.After the modifier treatment the water absorption of 50-HP/PLA is reduced and the thermal stability is improved.The water absorption and mechanical properties of the modified 50-HP/PLA could meet the requirements of relevant national standards and industry standards.