早期上消化道肿瘤的内镜诊断进展

Progress in endoscopic diagnosis of early upper gastrointestinal tumors

上消化道肿瘤主要是指食管癌和胃癌,其早期症状不典型,发病隐匿,目前主要依靠内镜筛查发现早期病变,及时治疗,改善预后;对于进展期的肿瘤缺乏有效的治疗手段,预后较差。因此,通过内镜筛查早期发现上消化道肿瘤是提高患者预后的关键。随着科学技术进步,更先进的内镜器械、成像技术、人工智能(AI)技术的发展,内镜诊断技术也不断提高,故针对目前上消化道内镜诊断技术及诊断要点进行综述,旨在为上消化道肿瘤防治工作提供理论依据。

Upper gastrointestinal cancer mainly refers to esophageal and gastric cancers.Early symptoms are atypical,and the onset is insidious.Currently,it mainly relies on endoscopic screening to detect early lesions and timely treatment to improve the prognosis.However,there is a lack of effective treatment for advanced tumors,and the prognosis is poor.Therefore,early detection of upper gastrointestinal tumors through endoscopic screening is the key to improving the prognosis of patients.With the progress of science and technology,the development of more advanced endoscopic instruments,imaging technology,and artificial intelligence(AI),endoscopic diagnostic techniques have also been improved.Therefore,the current diagnostic techniques and diagnostic points of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy are reviewed,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the preventing and treating of upper gastrointestinal tumors.