健康信念模式健康教育在学龄期脑瘫患儿及家长中的应用效果

Application effects of health belief model health education on school-age children with cerebral palsy and their parents

目的:观察健康信念模式健康教育在学龄期脑瘫患儿及家长中的应用效果。方法:选取104例学龄期脑瘫患儿及其家长为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各52例。对照组接受常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上联合健康信念模式健康教育,比较两组干预前后患儿综合功能测定表评分、患儿家长负性情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)]评分、患儿家长疾病管理能力和精力消耗评分。结果:干预后,两组患儿认知、言语、运动、自理、社会适应能力等综合功能评分均高于干预前,但组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患儿家长SAS、SDS和精力消耗评分均低于对照组,疾病管理能力评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规干预基础上采用健康信念模式健康教育可降低学龄期脑瘫患儿家长负性情绪评分和精力消耗评分,提高家长疾病管理能力评分,效果优于单纯常规干预。

Objective:To observe application effects of health belief model health education on school-age children with cerebral palsy and their parents.Methods:104 school-age children with cerebral palsy and their parents were selected as the research objects,and were divided into control group and t observation group by using the random number table method,52 cases in each group.The control group received routine intervention,while the observation group received health belief model health education on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of children’s comprehensive function scale,the parents’negative emotions[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)]score,the parents’disease management ability and the energy consumption score were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,the comprehensive functional scores of cognition,speech,movement,self-care,and social adaptability in the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,but there were no significant differences between the groups(P>0.05).The SAS,SDS and energy consumption scores of the parents of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the disease management ability score was higher than that of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:On the basis of the routine nursing,the health belief model health education can reduce the negative emotion scores and energy consumption scores of the parents of the school-age children with cerebral palsy,and improve the parents’disease management ability score.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.