论宋代词科试文的宗经特征

On the Confucian Classics Features of Erudite Macro Word Division in the Song Dynasty

宋代崇儒宗经,儒家经典是宋代科举考试的主要内容,即使是在撇开经义只取文学的词科考试中也深受重视。从现存词科考试题和试文文本来看,词科命题与儒家经典密切关联,涉及儒经范围广泛,题型多样,多以官名、制度名物、典故设置题目。应试者在给定试题下发挥,围绕题目和所涉经典写作,在行文措辞的过程中,多用儒经中的典故,熔冶经语,以经为文。可以说,无论是题目取材还是典故来源、行文措辞等,宋代词科应试文都表现出明显的宗经特征。

The Song Dynasty(960—1279)paid much attention to the Confucian classics,which were the main content of the imperial competitive examination at that time.Even if only the erudite macro word division were taken into consideration,Confucian classics were highly valued.From the existing questions and articles of the erudite macro word division,the propositions were closely related to Confucian classics,ranging from various types,such as official titles,systems,and allusions.When answering the given question,the examinee would allude to Confucian classics to polish and refine the answer.It can be said that no matter how the erudite macro word division of the Song Dynasty showed obvious features,its topic selection is distinctly Confucian.