“轴心时代”世界语言学研究之比较

A Comparative study of World Linguistics in the“Axial Age”

“轴心时代”理论为研究人类文明史提供了一个解释框架,同样也为早期世界语言学史的研究提供了一个解释框架。在“轴心时代”,中国、希腊以及印度的政治、经济、文化存在着高度的一致性,这种一致性决定了三个地区的语言研究都出现了“音义之争”和“范畴之论”,分别表现为:古中国的“名实”之争和“类概念”之论,古希腊的“本质与约定”之争和“范畴”之论,古印度的“声无常”“声常住”之争和“句义”之论。

The“axial age”theory provides an explanatory framework for the study of the initial history of human civilization,as well as for the study of the early history of world linguistics.The politics,economy,and culture of China,Greece,and India are highly consistent in the“axial age”,which determines“the conflict between sound and meaning”and“the debate about category”in the language research of these three countries:In ancient China,the argument of“name and reality”and“category concept”;in ancient Greece,the argument of“essence and agreement”and“category”;in ancient India,the argument of“sound impermanence”and“sound permanence”and the argument of“sentence meaning”.