基于通过性分析的隧道车行横通道设计优化研究

Research on design optimization of transverse channel of tunnel based on passing analysis

针对现行长大公路隧道车行横通道设计方式,文章在探讨疏散救援路径和横通道布置角度对疏散救援影响的前提下,通过最小转弯半径分析,从车辆通过性的角度,提出了一种横通道优化设计思路,可实现疏散及救援过程车辆便捷转向且无需交通控制的功能。主要结论如下:长大隧道中,事故点后方被困车辆的最优疏散路径是通过就近横通道疏散至对向隧道,消防救援车辆的最优救援路径是通过对向隧道经由距事故点最近的横通道抵达事故点;60°斜交、“八字形”、90°正交3种情况的横通道布置方式中,90°正交布置的横通道灵活性相对更高、布置更为合理;以车辆最小转弯半径为前提,在横通道出口位置进行扩挖,可以实现车辆在最内侧车道直接转入横通道并从横通道直接转入最内侧车道而不占用其他车道、无需交通控制的功能,从而达到提高转弯效率、快速疏散和救援的目的。

In view of the current design mode of the cross passage of long and large highway tunnels,this paper discusses the influence of the evacuation and rescue path and the layout angle of the cross passage on evacuation and rescue,and puts forward an optimization design idea of the cross passage from the perspective of vehicle passability through the analysis of the minimum turning radius,which can realize the function of convenient turning of vehicles without traffic control during evacuation and rescue.The main conclusions are as follows:In long tunnels,the best evacuation route for trapped vehicles behind the accident point is to evacuate to the opposite tunnel through the nearest cross passage,and the best rescue route for fire rescue vehicles is to reach the accident point through the opposite tunnel through the nearest cross passage;Among the three transverse channel arrangements of 60 oblique,"eight-shaped"and 90 orthogonal,the transverse channel with 90 orthogonal arrangement is relatively more flexible and more reasonable;On the premise of the minimum turning radius of vehicles,expanding and digging at the exit of the cross passage can realize the functions that vehicles directly turn into the cross passage in the innermost lane and from the cross passage directly into the innermost lane without occupying other lanes and without traffic control,thus achieving the purposes of improving turning efficiency,rapid evacuation and rescue.