毛边纸制作工艺演变刍议

Evolution of the Manufacturing Technique of Maobian Paper

毛边纸是明清以来最重要的竹料文化用纸,结合文献与田野调查成果,对毛边纸的起源和制造工艺的演变进行了探讨。认为毛边纸出现于明代早中期,清晚期以前,主要采用熟料法制浆工艺,纸张具有米黄色调和细腻柔韧的质感。清中后期开始,借鉴发展了生料粗竹纸的工艺,逐步形成了一套较为复杂的生料毛边纸工艺,制造出了呈浅黄略为疏松的生料毛边纸,并取代了原有的熟料毛边纸,成为毛边纸的主流。但同时也存在生料法向熟料法演变的情况,比如当代借助化学药剂,缩短原料处理时间、降低劳动力成本等,毛边纸工艺的演变,使其能够不断适应市场需求和时代发展,具有顽强的生命力。

Maobian paper has been the most important bamboo paper since the Ming Dynasty.This study discusses the origins of Maobian paper and the evolution of its manufacturing technology based on literature and field investigations.It is believed that the paper appeared during the early and middle Ming Dynasty.Before the late Qing Dynasty,the cooking pulping process was mainly used,and the paper had a beige tone and delicate and flexible texture.In the middle and late Qing Dynasties,an un-cooking pulping process was used,and a set of more complex un-cooking technologies was gradually established.A light yellow and slightly loose paper was produced,which replaced the original cooked pulping paper and became the mainstream Maobian paper.However,at the same time,there was also the evolution of the un-cooking pulping method to the cooking method.For example,with the help of chemical agents,the raw material processing time is shortened,and the labor cost is reduced.The evolution of the technology of Maobian paper enables it constantly adapt to market demand and technological developments,allowing Maobian paper strong vitality.