冠状病毒感染与内质网应激研究进展

Research Advances in Coronavirus Infection and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

内质网(Endoplasmic reticulum,ER)是真核细胞细胞器的重要组成部分,主要负责蛋白质合成和翻译后修饰等过程,还参与调控了钙离子储存和脂类合成,具有重要生理功能。冠状病毒感染细胞后,在复制其遗传信息的同时也在合成大量病毒蛋白,造成未折叠/错误折叠蛋白堆积,进而增加内质网工作负担,诱发内质网应激(Endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS),激活未折叠蛋白反应(Unfolded protein response,UPR),引起一系列信号级联反应,如诱导细胞凋亡等,进而影响病毒复制。本文就冠状病毒感染与ERS及UPR信号通路的研究进展做一综述,为新型抗冠状病毒药物的研发提供新视角。

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER)is an essential organelle in eukaryotes. It is mainly responsible for the assembly,modification,and folding of proteins,calcium storage and lipid synthesis. The ER has important physiological functions. If cells are infected by coronaviruses, the ER not only duplicates their genetic information it also synthesizes many viral proteins. This action leads to accumulation of unfolded and misfolded protein,which further increases the workload of endoplasmic reticulum,inducing the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress(ERS),activates the unfolded protein response(UPR),Which causes a series of signaling cascades(including apoptosis induction),which affects viral replication. By summarizing the effects of coronaviruses on ERS and UPR signaling pathways,we provides a new perspective for the development of novel anti-coronavirus drugs.